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Background: ‘Frailty’ has no consensual definition till date, although the term occupies a pivotal role in geriatric medicine. A bibliometric analysis of the literature serves to capture the keyword cooccurrences and linkages, co-citations, author collaborations, research trends and to present the extant research in a nutshell. Objective: To explore the usage of frailty, its domains in medical research and the evolution of the term to other disciplines through systematic mapping by bibliometric analysis. Methods: Literature search was done in the Scopus database using a pre-formed search strategy. 2629 documents were retrieved. Co-occurrence citation analysis using keywords and link strength was obtained using the VOSviewer ver.1.6.16. A three-field plot was constructed using ‘biblioshiny’ package of the R-studio to identify the various domains of frailty. Descriptive statistics were applied to identify the trends in frailty research, number of contributions from countries, fields of research involving frailty. Results: Total of 3739 publications were observed, with the USA having most number of contributions (740, 20%) as single country, while India has only 19 contributions (0.5%) in the past 20 years. As a region, Europe and Central Asia contributed to the maximum (1714, 46.4%), most of them being from the high-income countries. Research on frailty has steadily increased over the past two decades, with most of the researches being conducted in the fields of Medicine, Biochemistry and Genetics. Cooccurrence citations and three-field plots indicate the evolving usage of frailty in other domains, such as cognition, mental health, indicators of survival, risk assessment, mortality, and quality of life. Conclusion: Upon exploring frailty, it also makes one wonder if frailty could be the cause for what is known as death due to ‘natural causes’ or ‘old age’. The implementation of extension codes in the ICD-11 related to ‘Ageing’ (XT9T) and ‘Old Age’ (MG2A), paves way for researchers to further explore ‘frailty’ as a cause of mortality.
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Introduction: To statistically compare the trends of epidemiological indicators of COVID-19 in India with Italy, the UK, and the US. Methodology: In this descriptive analysis, epidemiological indicators were calculated and their trends were plotted and compared statistically. Regression analysis was done to predict the fatalities. Results: The trends of total and active cases per million populations are rising in India and US, while Italy has achieved the plateau in the total cases per million populations, and active cases have been sharply declining with time. The UK is about to achieve the same. India has remained far behind the other three countries in the number of tests per million populations (p<0.05). In the initial phase, the test positivity rate of India was quite lower but has overtaken Italy and UK. India has always reported a higher recovery rate than US and lower than Italy. CFRs have achieved a plateau in Italy and UK, in US it is declining, while it remained almost constant in India throughout the pandemic. Testing was a significant covariate in predicting the fatalities. Conclusions: India was able to manage the initial phase of this pandemic due to early and strict government interventions and strong public health responses.
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Paragangliomas (PGLs) are rare tumors of neural crest origin, with a malignancy rate of approximately 10% and a 5-year survival rate of <50%. We present a case of malignant PGL arising from the porta hepatis with metastasis to the portal lymph node and bilateral ovaries. PGLs arising from the porta hepatis are very rare. As per our knowledge, only three cases of hepatic duct PGL have been reported. It is important to detect it earlier because the treatment modality and prognosis of benign and malignant PGL differs and defines the prognosis of the patient.
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Irritation fibroma are the most common form of reactive lesions found within the oralcavity. These lesions normally attain a small size and show a slow growth rate. This paper reports a case ofgigantic intraoral irritational fibroma with a history of rapid growth. Complete excision was performed andthe specimen was sent for immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. It was found positive for vimentin, hencereported as irritation fibroma.
Los fibromas irritativos son las forma más común de lesiones reactivas encontradas en la cavidad oral. Estas lesiones normalmente son de pequeño tamaño y muestran una tasa de crecimiento lenta. Este artículo reporta el caso de un fibroma irritativo gigante intraoral con historia de crecimiento rápido. Se realizó la extirpación completa y fue enviado para análisis inmunohistoquímico. Arrojó positivo para Vimentina, por lo tanto, se reportó como fibroma irritativo.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Fibroma/diagnosis , Mandibular Injuries/diagnosis , ImmunohistochemistryABSTRACT
Temporo-mandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis is an extremely disabling affliction that causes problems in mastication, digestion, speech, appearance and hygiene. Surgery of TMJ ankylosis needs careful evaluation and planning to yield predictable results. Ankylosis may be corrected surgically by an array of procedures like gap arthroplasty, joint reconstruction and interpositional arthroplasty. Though many types of autogenous grafts and alloplastic materials are available for the interpositioning, the temporalis muscle graft offers significant advantages like ease of harvesting, minimal donor site morbidity and effective coverage of the arthroplasty site. The efficacy of the same is highlighted in this article by its application in four cases of TMJ ankylosis.
Subject(s)
Tooth Ankylosis , Temporomandibular Joint , Surgical Procedures, OperativeABSTRACT
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is now accepted globally as an Indian disease, having highest malignant potential than any other oral premalignant lesions. The understanding of the exact role of alkaloids and other etiological agents with respect to pathogenesis will help the management and minimize the blind clinical trials and treatment modalities. This article provides an overview of the etiopathogenesis with stress on the recent concepts related to this chronic “Indian Disease”.